فصلنامه زن و جامعه
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 51، پاییز 1401)

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of Machiavellianism in reducing interpersonal trust by mediating hypocritical behaviors in interpersonal communication. The research population was all female teachers of Ilam city, which was selected by simple random sampling method and based on Cochran's formula of a sample with a volume of 221 people. The research method is quantitative, descriptive and correlational studies and especially structural equation modeling. Khald Sharafi and Shiri Behavioral Behavior Machinery Questionnaire (2015), Haddavi Nejad Interpersonal Behavioral Communication Questionnaire (2011) Questionnaire and Interpersonal Trust Builder Questionnaire were used. . To determine the reliability and validity of the instrument, Cranbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis were used. For data analysis, the confirmation path analysis technique was used using lisrel software. The results showed: Machiavellian variable has a direct negative effect (-0.42), a negative direct effect (-0.92) and a total negative effect (-0.512) and is significant on the interpersonal confidence variable at the level of 0.05. . The variable of hypocritical behaviors has a negative direct effect (-0.25) and is significant on the interpersonal trust variable at the level of 0.05. Machiavellian variables with indirect path coefficient due to hypocritical behaviors (-0.92) and T-value (3.29) have an indirect, negative and significant effect on interpersonal trust at the level of 0.05.

The aim of this research is to combine the studies’ results that had been made on self-efficacy on academic performance of females.

The method of this research is meta-analysis. The populations were available related studies between 1382-1400 and 2002-2021. For gathering data, was used the Mesrabadi research proposal check lists (1389). 127 effect sizes were being investigated based on inclusion and exclusion criteria on 99 primary researches. Sensitivity analysis, fixed and random effects models and the heterogeneity analysis with CMA software was used for data analysis.

The findings indicated that the mean of the total effect of the studies were 0.422 for the fixed effects model and 0.437 for the random effects model. As the effect sizes were heterogeneous type of sample were examined as the mediating variable. The results indicated that in researches that the subjects of the research were first middle school students the effect size of relationship between this two variable is more than to the other researches. The results indicated that the relationship between self-efficacy and academic performance in type of social self-efficacy is more than to the other types of self-efficacy.

The findings showed relationship between self-efficacy and academic performance of females.

Introdduction: The political participation of women in Ahvaz is an important issue due to its ethnic diversity and geopolitical position in Khuzestan province. Therefore, it seems necessary to study the political participation of women in the voting age (over 18 years) in Ahvaz.

To achieve the objectives of this study, four categories of integrated theories related to political participation were used: 1- Lack of women's political participation 2- Women's movement in the West and political participation 3- Women's movement in Islamic countries and Iran 4- Samuel Huntington's institutional theory. The statistical sample of the present study is equal to 200 women over the age of 18 living in the city of Ahvaz and has been obtained using the Cochran's formula. In this study, the multi-stage cluster sampling method has been used. Research data of this research have been collected in a survey using a questionnaire. Also, SPSS software was used to analyze the data of this research.

The Five independent variables of this study are social capital, political trust, socio-economic status, ethnic identity, the use of mass media. The findings show that the five independent variables used in this study with the variable Research dependents have a positive and significant relationship.

The higher the women of the statistical research community have social capital, political trust and socio-economic status, as well as have a strong ethnic identity and use more mass media, the more political participation they will have in society

Internal service quality and its influencing factors in sport context is a new topic in the management and leadership literature that limited research has been done on it. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological empowerment on the internal services quality in female employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, Iran.

This study is a descriptive-survey research. The population of this study was all female employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, Iran of which 232 people were selected as the statistical sample. The tools included Modified Spreitzer (1995) Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire with five dimensions (competence, autonomy, impact, meaningfulness and trust) and Di Xie Internal Service Quality Questionnaire (2005) with three dimensions (individual, unit/department and organizational level). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software.

Structural equation modeling confirmed the goodness of fit of the proposed model. The results showed a positive effect of trust (0.14) and competency (0.57) on the internal service quality at the individual level. The meaningfulness (0.16) and impact (0.41) had a positive effect on the unit-level internal service quality and also the effect of autonomy (0.24), trust (0.22), competence (-0.13), meaningfulness (0.17) and impact (0.20) on the internal service quality at the organizational level were confirmed.

According to the results, one of the methods to encourage female employees to engage in extra-role behaviors and provide high internal services quality is psychological empowerment.

The aim of study was to examine the lived experience of absolute celibacy from the point of view of absolute celibacy girls (unmarried up to 45) by using the analysis of the subjective meanings of this experience from the perspective of the target society in order to create indigenous theory.

Examining the central concept of research by using the grounded theory method in three; open, central and selective coding stages was done to determine the causal, structural and intervening conditions involved in absolute celibacy. 23 unmarried girls were interviewed as study subjects by using an unstructured in-depth interview technique, and interviews with the respondents continued until theoretical saturation. The validity of the research was done by using the credibility of the members and presenting the results to the studied people, which indicated the validity of results, the reliability of research was done by using the process audit and the careful audit of experts confirmed the correctness of all steps of research.

Research results showed; absolute celibacy in contextual conditions; economic problems, father's addiction, loss of origin family, lack of family members responsibility, intergenerat gap between children and parents, and girls not being understood by parents, among the causal conditions; lack of freedom in choosing a spouse, high level of expectations, failure in love and mistrust of men, and structural conditions; wrong customs, father's unnecessary prejudice, neighbors' comments, discrimination between boys and girls, girls' vulnerability, and the cultural poverty of the surrounding people lead to aggravation of the issue.

The development of social networks and the widespread use of them by couples have significant effects on the different aspects of their lives. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mobile-based social network addiction in predicting emotional divorce and divorce readiness of married women in Ghaen city.

This research is of descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of this study was all married women in Ghaen city from which by random method 200 women were selected. The necessary information was collected using the mobile-based social network addiction questionnaire (α=0.93), the emotional divorce questionnaire (α=0.94), and the divorce readiness questionnaire (α=0.91). The results were analyzed using SPSS23 whit pearson correlation coefficient and regression test.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the scores of the dimensions of addiction to mobile-based social networks (personal performance, time-management, self-control and social relationships) with emotional divorce and divorce readiness. And among the dimensions of addiction to mobile-based social networks (personal performance, time-management, self-control and social relations), the dimensions of personal performance and self-control can predict emotional divorce and self-control can predict divorce readiness.

According to the results of the research, we should encourage couples to use social networks and the virtual world properly and to the extent to increase marital satisfaction, and inform them of the dangers and threats of the social network and the virtual world, and create healthy and scientific social networks.

The aim of this study was to test the hypothetical model of work-family conflict mediation in the relationship between psychological capital and career aspiration in working women. The research method is correlational. The statistical population is included 227 women working in airlines in Tehran in 1400 and in It is the time of the corona virus outbreak.

The sampling method is available and the Lutans (2007) Psychological Capital Questionnaire, the revised Gregor and O brain Career aspiration Questionnaire (2016) and the Carlson et al.'s Family Conflict Questionnaire (1999) were used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software using Pearson correlation coefficient tests and structural equation modeling.

The results of statistical analysis of structural equations showed that the relationship between psychological capital and career aspiration in working women is partially mediated through work-family conflict. In the hypothetical model, it was shown that psychological capital directly explains 0.53 of the variance of career aspiration in working women. Also, psychological capital represents 0.48% of the variance of work-family conflict in women. and the predictor variables together predict 30.3% of the variance of career aspiration in working women.

Overall, the results show that psychological capital is likely to be mediated and can be said to be psychological capital through Family work conflict is related to career aspiration in working women.

The purpose of this study is to answer three main questions: 1- Do women in managerial positions consider their professional and occupational identities in line with their gender identity? 2- How the professional identity of women working in managerial positions reinforces their gender and family plans? 3- What is the effect of gender norms of society on the profession of women working in managerial positions? In order to achieve the research objectives, a qualitative method was used with a descriptive phenomenological approach, based on in-depth interview data collection techniques, and by targeted and criterion-based sampling method, with a Sample size of 30 women aged between 45-55 years old. For data analysis, the method of thematic analysis was used. The results of the study fall into four main categories: Overflow of positive moral and psychological characteristics, synergy of power and social resources, facilitation and mutual reinforcement of professional and gender roles are classified. Findings show gender characteristics and norms are a key and prominent factor in job success and maintaining organizational status and effective management practices. It also leads to the dimensions of the professional identity of women working in managerial positions. It has led to better alignment and performance and it strengthened their role in the family.

The aim of this study was to explain the cultural contexts affecting gender inequality in the executive apparatus in 1400. This study is based on the purpose of including quantitative applied research. The statistical population of this research is 8200 thousand employees of the executive apparatus in Kerman. Based on Morgan's table, 400 people were selected. The sampling method is cluster sampling.The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha 0.79 and the formal and content reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. Method of statistical analysis of partial least squares (pls).The findings of this study showed that among the cultural contexts of the media, patriarchal ideologies, cultural capital, stereotypes, education and gender socialization methods have affected gender inequality in Kerman city administrations, respectivelyThe result of these findings is a confirmation that the cultural factor plays an effective rolegender inequality in the executive bodies of Kerman.Education of the family institution, which is a responsible part of the process of socialization and gender socialization, is the solution that should be paid attention to in order to reduce gender inequalities in future generations.